The Devastating Impact of COVID-19 on Tribal Communities: A Deep Dive into Inequities and Solutions

Disproportionate Impact on Tribal Populations

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected minority communities across the United States, with tribal populations being one of the most severely impacted groups. According to the Center for American Progress, the Navajo Nation has one of the highest infection rates in the country, with Native people making up only around one-tenth of New Mexico's population but more than 55 percent of its coronavirus cases. In Wyoming, American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) people are less than 3 percent of the population but make up more than one-third of the state's cases.

Inequities Exacerbated by the Pandemic

Limited health services, insufficient infrastructure, and above-average rates of immunocompromising diseases all predate COVID-19 and contribute to the vulnerability of these populations. Many tribes also feel excessive pain from the pandemic-spurred economic downturn as their lifeblood enterprises in gaming and hospitality are shutttered. Casino closures in early March led to an estimated loss of more than $4.4 billion in economic activity and $997 million in lost wages, affecting 246 tribes with over 500 gaming facilities in 29 states.

Political and Health Care Concerns

Native American leaders are keeping close watch on the U.S. Supreme Court battle over whether to repeal all or parts of the Affordable Care Act, a move many say could devastate health care for AI/AN communities. The Affordable Care Act, signed by President Obama in 2010, contains provisions specifically relevant to Native Americans, including permanent reauthorization of the Indian Health Care Improvement Act, which provides ongoing funding for Native health programs. It also expanded tribes' authority to run their own health care programs, including behavioral health and youth suicide prevention programs.

In conclusion, it is crucial for policymakers to address the unique challenges faced by tribal communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ensuring access to adequate health care, economic support, and legal protections will be key to mitigating the disproportionate impact on these populations. Readers are advised to stay informed about the ongoing developments in health care policy and to support initiatives that aim to improve the well-being of Native American communities.